Executive Summary
Foreword
Introduction
Rankings
Two Pillars
Safety
Fleet Management
City Snapshots
What This Means
Outlook
Methodology
Outlook
Data is reshaping both sides of this equation. Cities that invest in evidence- based infrastructure decisions — measuring freight movement continuously rather than periodically — are better positioned to adapt to shifting demand. Fleets that build near- real-time routing and dynamic scheduling into standard operations are outperforming those that do not. The efficiency gap documented in this study is a static snapshot of a dynamic system. The question is who closes that gap, and with what tools.
Urban freight volumes are rising faster than road capacity. The seven cities in this study are already at different points of that curve — Berlin managing demand through distributed infrastructure, Madrid at the limit of what its network can absorb without structural change. That gap will widen if the patterns holding today continue. Zero-emission zone expansion is adding a layer of complexity to an already constrained environment. London, Paris, Amsterdam, Brussels and Madrid have all introduced or extended access restrictions for combustion vehicles in recent years. Fleet operators working across multiple European markets are managing compliance frameworks that vary by city and change with political cycles. The operational penalty for a failed delivery inside a restricted zone is higher than it was five years ago — and rising.
European Urban Freight Efficiency Index 20
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